The Upside of Stress by Kelly McGonigal

The Upside of Stress by Kelly McGonigal is a solid work of nonfiction by the psychologist and professor. She notes in the introduction that "seeing the upside of stress is not about deciding whether stress is all good or all bad. It's about how choosing the see the good in stress can help you meet the challenges in your life."

It's an interesting and well put together book, with some ideas from it including:

- Stress isn't always bad for you. What is bad is stress when you believe that stress is harmful to you. That's when it can have adverse effects, and bad things snowball. 

- How you think about something can transform its effect on you. Mindsets are believes that shape your reality. For instance, adults with a positive view of aging have a lower risk of heart attack, and if you don't feel you belong, it often makes it so. You really are making a choice of how to react to something. 

- A meaningful life is also a stressful life. It means you're doing things. Think about your values, or bigger-than-self goals, those are the important things. 

- Resilience is the courage to grow from stress, to find meaning in it rather than just discomfort. Why should someone be excited before playing a big game, yet negatively stressed before taking a final? It's believing you can handle something stressful that can make it so. Think about how your stress response can be helpful to you. Embracing stress is an act of self-trust, viewing yourself as capable. 

- In a situation of stress, caring for others helps them and you, it creates courage and hope. It also goes the other direction. Having a willingness to ask for help should increase your chance of succeeding.

- Just as post-traumatic stress is a thing, so is post-traumatic growth. When something positive can come out of a trauma, it doesn't belong to the trauma, it belongs to you. You're still acknowledging suffering, but also looking for the good that can come out of the pain. It can come in the form of a sense of personal or spiritual growth, an increased appreciation for life, enhanced relationships, or new possibilities or life directions. 

Ghosts of Honolulu by Mark Harmon and Leon Carroll, Jr.

Ghosts of Honolulu by Mark Harmon and Leon Carroll, Jr. is a solid work of nonfiction subtitled A Japanese Spy, A Japanese American Spy Hunter, and the Untold Story of Pearl Harbor. It covers spy Takeo Yoshikawa and Japanese American naval intelligence agent Douglas Wada and tells an important piece of history. 

Yoshikawa worked in Hawaii under the name Tadashi Morimura on behalf of Japanese intelligence, gathering information on the U.S. fleet in Pearl Harbor and how best to attack it. Wada was Nisei, born in the United States to Japanese immigrants, with their parents called Issei. Wada in his hometown of Honolulu began working for US Naval Intelligence in 1937. He was a translator for the Navy, with the scope of his work expanding through the years, especially after December 7, 1941. 

It was fascinating reading of how the attack on Pearl Harbor, which killed 2,403 Americans in an hour and fifteen minutes, was viewed as a failure by the Japanese military, with it having the goal of decimating U.S. Naval forces. All U.S. aircraft carriers had departed from the base, so Japanese forces focused on Battleship Row. Along with a poor hit rate by dive-bombers, the oil storage tanks and repair facilities weren't hit, enabling the port to recover fairly quickly. Ensign Kazuo Sakamaki was in a Japanese mini-submarine as part of the attack, and ran aground and was captured as the first U.S. prisoner of war of WWII. Also covered is Otto Kuehn, a former German military officer who provided signals to Japanese military about how best to attack Pearl Harbor. 

The book covers the decisions that led up to people of Japanese ancestry on the West Coast of the U.S., may of them American citizens, being held in internment camps during the war. U.S. Secretary of the Navy Frank Cox made a damning, and incorrect, statement about "fifth column" work done in Hawaii contributing to the attack on Pearl Harbor. J. Edgar Hoover was one of the people speaking out against internment, but it happened anyways with President Roosevelt issuing Executive Order 9606 authorizing the military to remove anyone deemed a security threat. The Army then announced all Japanese Americans, 120,000 people, on the West Coast needed to depart "military zones" and be held in camps.

Actual investigative work done in Hawaii showed that it was members of the Japanese Consulate aiding in the attack on Pearl Harbor, not the Nisei and Issei. Those people of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii were prosecuted less than in California, explaining why there were so many more volunteers for military service from the Islands. Nisei of the U.S. 442nd and 100th fought the Germans in Northern Italy. The 442nd was created with the goal of getting three thousand volunteers from the continental US and 1,500 from Hawaii. Instead, it was more than 10,000 from Hawaii and 1,000 from the mainland. 

There's also information about the U.S. bombing of Japan when Japanese spy Takeo Yoshikawa back in his homeland. Wada became the first U.S. civilian of Japanese ancestry to receive the Navy Civilian Certificate of Merit, and after the war was over, he deployed to Japan to continue working for the Navy there. He served as the only Japanese American agent in the Office of Naval Intelligence, which became NCIS, until the late 1960s. He retired from the Naval Reserve, with the rank of commander, in 1975. 

Bel Canto by Ann Patchett

Bel Canto by Ann Patchett is a lovely novel that brilliantly portrays the characters in the book. The setting is a hostage situation in South America, with thirty nine men and one woman held hostage by eighteen rebels. 

Hostage characters in the book include opera singer Roxanne Cross, Japanese executive Mr. Hosokawa, his translator Gen Watanabe, Hosokawa's employee Testsuya Kato, Frenchman Simon Thibault, Priest Father Arguedas, and Vice President Ruben Iglesias, whose house they in. 

Rebel characters included General Benjamin, General Alfredo, General Hector and young rebels Caesar, Carmen, Ishmael, and Beatriz. 

They were all in the house some four months and the the relationships between everyone are fascinating. Mr. Hosokawa and Cross become lovers, as did Gen and Carmen. Kato would play the piano, accompanying Cross with her singing. Caesar became a singing pupil of Cross, and Ishmael played chess and was viewed by the Vice President as a son of sorts. It's really nice writing from Patchett. 

Tom Lake by Ann Patchett

Tom Lake by Ann Patchett is a well-written novel that's character, rather than plot, driven, and a nice read about love and relationships between people. 

In the spring of 2020, Lara is with her husband Joe and their twenty-something daughters, Maisie, Emily, and Nell, at their farm in northern Michigan during the pandemic. Lara tells of her early-twenties relationship with famous actor Peter Duke while the two of them working at a summer stock theater company, Tom Lake. 

Lara talks about her college experience with the Thornton Wilder play Our Town, her getting a staring movie role, filmed before she went to Tom Lake. She and Duke started a relationship, and Patchett writes about them, his brother Sebastian, and Lara's understudy Pallace. Also, recounted is how they all spent time at a farm (which Duke immediately and forever loved) with Lara's eventual husband Joe, and the Achilles injury that Lara suffered, changing the course of all their lives.

 Along with this, Patchett writes of the relationship between Lara and her daughters, including what they expect from their mother and what actually occurred in her life. There's a lot about how our lives not what our children think they were. The girls wanted more to the story, but it's what led to them being together. Patchett writes characters really well and provides a nice story about people and their lives.

Gringos by Charles Portis

Gringos by Charles Portis is a novel that tells the story of Jimmy Burns, an expatriate American in Mexico. The book recounts the bizarre things that occur in his life, leading up to interactions with a doomsday cult and it's wacky members.

James by Percival Everett

James by Percival Everett is an interesting novel that reimagines the Huck Finn story told through a first-person account by Jim, Huck's family slave. Everett wrote the book Erasure, the basis of the film American Fiction, and with this effort, he provides a very unique story construct.

Jim had to play a part, one expected based on the color of his skin, even with people like Huck that were kind to him, but still casually racist. There were expectations of slaves and their supposed mental shortcomings so Jim used incorrect grammar, and taught his kids to do the same. He would offer up ideas to white people, not as suggestions, but ones they would latch on to and say as if they their own. It was noted in the book about whites that they better they feel, the safer it is for black people. Jim also concealed that  he knew how to read, to the point of making a joke of what would he do with a book? 

Identity is a theme, with fairly early Jim writing with a stolen pencil "I am called Jim, I have yet to choose a name," and "with my pencil, I wrote myself into being." 

The book is funny at times and gutting at times. There's such a matter of fact telling of how an entire race was treated as less than people. It's a super creative idea and effort from Everett, and the ending of the book an excellent one, with the main character claiming his identity as James, not Jim the slave.

Dickens and Prince by Nick Hornby

Dickens and Prince by Nick Hornby is an interesting work of nonfiction that compares Charles Dickens and Prince. It's a fascinating construct subtitled A Particular Kind of Genius and the book jacket notes how it examines the two artists' personal tragedies, social statuses, and boundless productivity.

About the working lives of Dickens and Prince, Hornby write that each incredibly prolific with the craft they produced. Prince was referenced as being addicted to the creative process, and it's interesting reading about the creative process of the two, how both often worked on several projects at once, something impossible for many people. 

They were each larger than life characters, full of creative energy, which led to much being produced, a lot of it great. 

The Sound of a Wild Snail Eating by Elisabeth Tova Bailey

The Sound of a Wild Snail Eating by Elisabeth Tova Bailey is lovely work of nonfiction about the bedridden author and a connection she felt with a snail that was put into a pot on her nightstand. It's a interesting book that includes the topics of kinship, resilience, and survival. 

Bailey fell ill at the age of thirty-four after picking up an illness while in Europe, and upon getting back to the United States, became largely unable to get out of bed due to the unknown pathogen. 

Her friend brought a snail to her and, first in a pot and then terrarium, Bailey provided for the snail and watched as it lived its small life. As Bailey wrote, the snail provided comfort and focus to her and buffered her feelings of uselessness. She learned what environment the snail liked and what it wanted to eat (portobello mushrooms), and provided it. Bailey appreciated how the snail would make it through the day, something that was all she could do as well. She notes that the energy of her human visitors, loved them as she did, wore her out, but the snail inspired her with its curiosity and grace in a peaceful and solitary world. 

Also noted is the concept of how time is finite, but morphs between one not having not enough of it, like all her friends, and having an abundance of time to fill, which she faced. She eventually improved some, and was first diagnosed with autoimmune dysautonomia and chronic fatigue syndrome, and then told she had acquired a mitochondrial disease, from either a virus or bacteria. It's excellent writing as well as a touching story and something that felt to come out of the book is that there's all kinds of lives, and they all matter.

True Grit by Charles Portis

True Grit by Charles Portis is an entertaining novel that was turned into an equally entertaining 2010 movie with Jeff Bridges, Hailee Steinfeld, Matt Damon, and Josh Brolin.

Portis tells the story of fourteen-year-old Mattie Ross retaining U.S. Marshal Rooster Cogburn to track down and bring to justice the man, Tom Chaney, who murdered her father. Joined in the quest initiated by Mattie is a Texas Ranger named LaBoeuf.

One thing that the movie did, which was actually a remake of a 1969 film starring John Wayne, was show just how amusing the scenes written by Portis were. It's a tremendously fun western story set in 1870s Arkansas and Indian Territory. 

The skill with which Portis sets scenes and provides dialogue is remarkable, with the writing a first-person account by Mattie Ross done decades after the fact. Among many great stories in the book is the saga of Mattie's horse Little Blackie, from when she acquires him from Col. G. Stonehill through to the conclusion of the book.

The Siege by Ben Macintyre

The Siege by Ben Macintyre is an interesting work of nonfiction book A Six-Day Hostage Crisis and the Daring Special-Forces Operation That Shocked the World. 

Macintyre details the 1980 hostage crisis at the Iranian embassy in London, with twenty-six hostages taken. The perpetrators were Iranian Arabs from the Khuzestan region of Iran, where the Arabistan people were persecuted by the government in Iran, and the effort was bankrolled by Saddam Hussein, with he an enemy of Iran.

This occurred six months into the hostage crisis at the U.S. embassy in Iran, and six days prior to the hostage-taking in London, eight U.S. soldiers were killed during an effort to rescue hostages. The Iranian government said the CIA was behind the London embassy attack, and that Iranians there would be happy to die as martyrs. 

It's a fascinating account from Macintyre of the six-day event, which the attackers believed would be over a day, including the eventual raid on the embassy by British SAS forces acting on the go-ahead from Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.

Revenge of the Tipping Point by Malcolm Gladwell

Revenge of the Tipping Point by Malcolm Gladwell is a solid follow up to his first book, The Tipping Point from 25 years ago, and the new effort subtitled Overstories, Superspreaders, and the Rise of Social Engineering.

In part one, "Three Puzzles," Gladwell writes about bank robbers in L.A., Medicare fraud in Miami, vaccination rates, and the dangerous quest for achievement, as told through the story of the fictional town Poplar Grove and its wave of teen suicides.

Part two, "The Social Engineers" includes the decades-past integration of Lawrence Lane in Palo Alto, CA and the concept of the Magic Third, the point at which something becomes normalized or integrated. If about individuals, when you get to three, you have a team, not just a single person or a friendship between two people. 

Related to the concept of ratios, Gladwell, tells a fascinating story about Harvard University, and the varsity women’s rugby team. He notes that Harvard competes in more D1 varsity sports than any other university in the country, and that Harvard has a two-track admissions process, the first for people who simply compete based on merit, and second for ALDCs, or Athletes, Legacies, Dean’s Interest List (children of rich people), and Children of faculty. The ALDCs leave admissions control to university discretion, and there is a corresponding impact on the makeup of the student body. Gladwell makes the point that varsity sports are a mechanism by which Harvard maintains control of admissions decisions, and whether nefarious or not, that that maintains group proportions within the student body.

Also included is the story of the Marriott outbreak, where a hotel in Boston became an early epicenter of the covid virus. It was interesting from the perspective of how specific individuals have the propensity to be superspreaders. Gladwell refers to it as the law of the very, very, very few, and we can somewhat tell who those people are based on the characteristics of that person. This raises the question of whether in the future people identified as potential superspreaders will be treated differently than others.

Part three, "The Overstory," includes the L.A. Survivors' Club about holocaust discussion and the impact of the 1978 tv miniseries Holocaust. For decades after the war, the Holocaust wasn’t spoken of much. Many people wanted to simply move past, to not get bogged down in thoughts and discussion of things horrible. The show airing then had a huge impact on people using the term and opening discussing the atrocities that happened.

Gladwell also writes about how the tv show Will & Grace had an impact on gay marriage becoming law, it normalized behavior, showing that homosexuality wasn’t a problem to be solved.

The conclusion to the book includes detail on the opioid crisis. Gladwell notes how select states forced doctors prescribing opioids to make triplicate carbon copies of the prescription (one for the doctor, one for the pharmacy, and one for the bureau of narcotic enforcement), and how those states have had way lower rates of addiction. There’s also an interesting point made about opioid superspreaders, doctors who prescribe way more opioids than others, similar to covid superspreaders, or pollution superspreaders.

The Bookshop by Evan Friss

The Bookshop by Evan Friss is a solid work of nonfiction subtitled A History of the American Bookstore. 

Friss covers topics including a bookstore run by Benjamin Franklin, the New York City bookstores Three Lives & Company, Books Are Magic, and the Oscar Wilde Memorial Bookshop (closed down in 2009). Also detailed are sidewalk booksellers in NYC and Parnassus Books in Nashville, run by the writer Ann Patchett.  

Barnes & Noble and Amazon Books (now closed down) is also detailed, along with mention of people who put on seminars about how to open and run a bookstore.

The book has interesting content, especially the stories of modern-day bookshops.

The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls

The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls is a remarkable memoir about she, her siblings Brian, Lori, and Maureen, and parents Rex and Rose Mary Walls. Sometimes Rex or Rose would have jobs, but often they wouldn't, and they didn't believe in public assistance, so the kids would go hungry and the family bounce from city to city when bills would come due or trouble arose, doing what Rex called "the skedaddle" in the middle of the night. Among many other small towns in the Southwest, they lived in Battle Mountain, NV and Blythe, CA before moving Phoenix and then Welch, the West Virginia hollow town mining town where Rex grew up.

It's a wild story of abdication of parental responsibility, one where Rex and Rose wouldn't do adult things, because "why should they have to?" Rose had a teaching degree, but fancied herself an artist, not someone who would waste their days working. When Jeannette later had a great opportunity come her way, the response of Rose was to say it's not fair that Jeannette should have that instead of her. It comes out late in the book that as they lived this itinerant and poverty-stricken lifestyle, Rose from her family owed land in Texas worth roughly a million dollars, but wouldn't sell as she wanted it to keep it. 

Rex at times would have jobs, but focused more on his drinking and telling of his grand plans. He would talk about how he was going to come up with a new way to extract gold from the ground, and the ensuing fabulous wealth would be used to build the family a Glass Castle, a home he often shared the meticulously created designs for with his children. But when there would be money coming in, Rex would take the paycheck and buy booze. 

It's an amazing book, including the memorable scene were Jeannette was chastised by a college professor, asking her what she would know about hardships faced by the underclass.